Düsseldorf jest stolicą i drugim co do wielkości miastem najludniejszego niemieckiego kraju związkowego Nadrenia Północna-Westfalia po Kolonii, a także siódmym co do wielkości miastem w Niemczech, liczącym 617 280 mieszkańców. Położone u zbiegu Renu i jego dopływu Düssel, miasto leży w centrum zarówno regionu Ren-Ruhr, jak i metropolitalnego regionu Nadrenii, z regionem Kolonia-Bonn na południu i Zagłębiem Ruhry na północy. Większość miasta leży na prawym brzegu Renu (w przeciwieństwie do Kolonii, której centrum leży na lewym brzegu rzeki). Miasto jest największym w niemieckim obszarze dialektu ¹ dolnofrankońskiego (blisko spokrewnionego z językiem niderlandzkim). Sufiks "-dorf" (polski odpowiednik: -dorf, oznaczający "wieś" po niemiecku) jest niezwykły w niemieckojęzycznym obszarze dla osady wielkości Düsseldorfu.  

Rotterdam is the second-largest city and a municipality of the Netherlands. It is located in the province of South Holland, at the mouth of the Nieuwe Maaschannel leading into the Rhine–Meuse–Scheldt delta at the North Sea. Its history goes back to 1270, when a damwas constructed in the Rotte, after which people settled around it for safety. In 1340, Rotterdam was granted city rights by the Count of Holland.

A major logistic and economic centre, Rotterdam is Europe's largest port. It has a population of 633,471 (2017).Rotterdam is known for its Erasmus University, its riverside setting, lively cultural life and maritime heritage. The near-complete destruction of the city centre in the World War II Rotterdam Blitz has resulted in a varied architectural landscape, including sky-scrapers (an uncommon sight in other Dutch cities) designed by renowned architects such as Rem Koolhaas, Piet Blom and Ben van Berkel.

The Rhine, Meuse and Scheldt give waterway access into the heart of Western Europe, including the highly industrialized Ruhr. The extensive distribution system including rail, roads, and waterways have earned Rotterdam the nicknames "Gateway to Europe" and "Gateway to the World".

Amsterdam is the capital city and most populous municipality of the Netherlands. Its status as the capital is mandated by the Constitution of the Netherlands, although it is not the seat of the government, which is The Hague. Amsterdam has a population of 851,373 within the city proper, 1,351,587 in the urban area] and 2,410,960 in the metropolitan area. The city is located in the province of North Holland in the west of the country but is not its capital, which is Haarlem. The metropolitan area comprises much of the northern part of the Randstad, one of the larger conurbations in Europe, with a population of approximately 8 million.

Amsterdam is the capital city and most populous municipality of the Netherlands. Its status as the capital is mandated by the Constitution of the Netherlands, although it is not the seat of the government, which is The Hague. Amsterdam has a population of 851,373 within the city proper, 1,351,587 in the urban area] and 2,410,960 in the metropolitan area. The city is located in the province of North Holland in the west of the country but is not its capital, which is Haarlem. The metropolitan area comprises much of the northern part of the Randstad, one of the larger conurbations in Europe, with a population of approximately 8 million.